The most important issue before the comity of nations is the issue of peace, which preludes and necessitates the survival of humanity. The question of peace has to be addressed form two complementary perspectives. One derives from perspectives of peaceful co-existence among nations states. It focuses on avoidance of war and includes strategies, processes and instrumentalities that minimize tension, and augment the balance of power, and attempts to reduce arms and armed forces and promote negotiated settlement of international problems. It builds on the large corpus of research on international relations, superpower rivalries, regional conflicts and security. The technological and organizational innovations that may help manage arms control negotiations and peacetime cross-national links between military and civilian groups. rnThe second perspective is “bottoms up” and stems from a view of local conflicts among groups of people sub-national entities that often spill over into the rest of the nation, neighbouring nations and have the potential of threaten regional and international peace. Survey of the literature and works in progress concerned with peace suggests that Gandhian model is of considerable potential wherein non-violence plays a catalytic role.