Education is a systematic process of imparting knowledge. Being a process, therefore, connotes a step-by-step progression –both in teaching and learning. The teaching and learning outcomes are, often, predetermined. It, therefore, becomes imperative that well thought-out guidelines be evolved in order to ensure seamless fulfillment of expected outcomes. It is in pursuit of ensuring this fulfillment that necessitates the importance of academic planning. The development of Nigeria’s higher education system is dependent on the effectiveness of academic planners, charged with the function of ensuring efficient and effective teaching and learning deliveries. This paper seeks to examine the concept of academic planning; and academic planners in Nigeria Universities. Also, takes a study on the development of accreditation, before accreditation, during accreditation and after accreditation exercises as well as accessing some of the challenges facing academic planners while discharging their duties. A university, been a complex environment, composed of several separate communities with divergent interest thus required the need and expertise of academic planners from academic planning unit. The unit draws experiences from previous challenges and experience and applying them to deal with challenges arising from future growth expectation and potentials. The unit among others; ensures that quality and standard are maintained in Nigeria Universities. Also ensure that various activities of the University are in line with the vision, mission and strategic objective of the institution.