The study is an empirical study based on the primary data collected from 320 households of 16 villages in two districts of Rajasthan, i.e. Jaipur and Tonk. The main objective of the study was to assess the household to three key basic needs such as housing, drinking water and sanitation. The findings show that 72 percent of the household have pucca houses and only 9.4 percent have katcha houses. As far as the rooms in the houses are concerned 65 percent of houses are two room houses. The status of safe drinking water reveals that 12.8, 18.1, 15.6 and 51.9 percent of households are fetching water from tube well, well, tap and hand pumps for drinking purpose respectively. This means that the Swajal Dhara project of the government of India has not produced substantial effect on the rural population of Rajasthan to ensure them safe drinking water to the countryside population in these two districts. As far as the access to sanitation is concerned it is a real concern in the rural Rajasthan, as the study shows that 82.5 percent of the households are resorting to open defecation. The findings of the study are: (i) The housing status of the household is comparatively good as far as the status of access to safe drinking water and sanitation; (ii) the sanitation condition of the rural households in both Jaipur and Tonk districts are astoundingly low; and (iii) the status of housing, sanitation and drinking water in the rural Rajasthan is better in developed district that is Jaipur as compared to the less developed district Tonk; and (in ) this may be one of reasons for high rural infant mortality rate in the countryside of these two district.