The nation states have been facing threats to their security since inception. The potential challenges to the national security of a state come in the form of military or cyber attack and activities by violent non-state actors indulging in terrorist attacks. In view of this, national security assumes importance for a nation, covering the security of people's lives and property, the economy and resources, food and raw materials, the health of the population, the environment, and the unity of the nation. In a globalised world, security threats have become global. In India, terrorism and insurgency are the most significant issues among security challenges of the country. In order to manage the security threats, India has enacted National Security Act 1980 and constituted a national level body called National Security Council. However, in the globalised world the security environment of India faces a wide variety of traditional and transnational challenges.